Structure Of Travel And Tourism Industry Tourism Essay Example Essay Example

Structure Of Travel And Tourism Industry Tourism Essay Example Paper Structure Of Travel And Tourism Industry Tourism Essay Introduction The development of the Travel and Tourism industry comprises of six constituents ATTRACTIONS are either normal in themselves or are man-made.It is anything but difficult to accept of regular alluring powers eg Lake District or Blackpool Beach that has some 6million visitants each year.Man-made appealing powers are built for tourists.Alton Towers is a truly commended subject park loaded with exercises for the family.Other truly praised appealing powers are the London Eye, Tower of London.TRANSPORT signifiers at any rate 25 % of a tourer ‘s spending for an outing and with numerous methods of obtaining around it shapes a basic capacity in the touristry industry.In request to secure to their completion it ordinarily includes in any event two signifiers of transport.The British open anticipate a high model of administration influencing all signifiers of movement data. The rail web has been broadly modernized with numerous privately owned businesses viing with one another, such asVir gin, GNER and Eurostar.Over 5million riders travel every twelvemonth with Eurostar through the channel tunnel.Train venturing has declined somewhat yet a few administrations are paying their way.Coach travel has ever been a key and well known signifier of movement empowering the people to go at profoundly minimal effort, including abroad.National Express and Eurolines convey more than 12million riders a twelvemonth to more than 1200 finishs. Air travel may abide of booked flights winging to severe schedules, especially useful for concern individuals. There are sanction trips with planes employed for specific excursions at no set time.Some enormous circuit administrators own their ain contract airlines.More than 75 % of all group get-aways use air travel. The ocean ships have gotten extremely mainstream for sing Ireland and France.There is other than the Hovercraft.Cruising around the Mediterranean has kept up its value with P A ; O.ACCOMODATION is obviously profoundly of import to t he movement and touristry industry.The generally rules of inns and B A ; Bs has extraordinarily improved.Travel lodging, campsites, trains and self-cooking Villas all add to the industry.Over ongoing mature ages self-catering where you give your ain supplement and repasts has developed in popularity.Half-board offers you breakfast and tea with full-board giving everything. Structure Of Travel And Tourism Industry Tourism Essay Body Paragraphs Visit OPERATORS produce relaxes in the signifier of a package.A contract is haggled with modification and transport providers.Buying in larger part diminishes overhead expenses and the get-away is introduced as a booklet to the trip specialists, thus sold ; either straight or by means of the agent.There are four significant circuit administrators, they are My Travel and First Choice, Thomson and Thomas Cook.Collectively these are known as TUI.It is an outline of opposite integration.It works at more than one level of the get-away chain.Examples of mass market suppliers are Thomas Cook, Thomson, First Choice. Arrangement is made for authority and circuit working administrations with call Centers and operational airlines.The circuit exchange names are acceptable known.The parity of the market comprises of close to nothing, normal estimated tasks typically making worry for a little specific supports, for example, the singles market or gourmet cooking holidaies. The Travel and Tourism in dustry has changed significantly as a result of the whole of integration.Integration has both a positive and negative outcome on the business. With opposite incorporating an organization purchases another at an alternate degree on the buying chain.An representation is Thomson who purchased Britannia Airways along with Lunn Poly the movement agent.Britannia Airways is permitted by the parent to offer lower fares.The circuit administrator makes progressively total compensation ; however the trip specialist simply gets a low pace of board of trustees go forthing the vast majority of the net gain to the visit operator.Integration is profitable in the event that it allows the organization to order valuing and discusses great with each level of such a link. Flat coordinating, less normal, happens when an organization purchases another that is on a similar level of the buying connection. ‘Go ‘ one time possessed by British Airways was purchased out by EasyJet. This move came ab out in ‘power defamation ‘ where all Son of ‘Go ‘ turned into that of EasyJet.This happened a negative contact with customers.Prices had the option to be constrained by EasyJet ; yet the end point for EasyJet is more market unbounded for self-advancement. Visit administrators have an a lot bigger market parcel than movement agents.Thus after incorporating with a circuit administrator the specialist sells and advances the administrations of the operator.The pace of advisory group is in the control of the circuit administrator. The free trip specialists are sincerely influenced by integration.The circuit administrators and air hoses will sell their stocks over the internet straight. As an outcome specialty markets are forming to run into the requests of the customers in the high road who incline toward individual going to in such issues. The air hoses have other than been influenced by integration.British Airways attempted to bind together with American Airline s yet IATA said no, in light of the fact that such a coupling would lead completely transoceanic flights. Flat and opposite incorporating includes essentially diminished rivalry inside the industry.The request from the people has set a pattern.Smaller organizations are non venturing out to have the option to cope.A large organization can assimilate disappointment sway if the understanding accomplishes non work however for a littler organization such disappointment would spell ruin. Trip specialists do their control of selling the brochures.This is the nexus between circuit administrators and the public.They regularly provide food for specializer holidays.There are different trip specialists with departments all around the UK.The most commended are Traveling Topographic focuses, Thomson and Lunn Poly.There are miniples abiding of roughly 20 to thirty shops.Independent trip specialists are pretty much nothing and family unit owned.Very well known are Call Centers where the customer ca n book a get-away by telephone. The travel industry AND DEVELOPMENT arranged everywhere throughout the state ensure that imminent visitants learn of their area and all it brings to the table by expanded ad and exposure work with handiness for exhortation and data including the capacity to set about research.Blue Badge ushers have extremely concentrated and explicit planning to flexibly Tourss of their few sections for visitors.A connection of conveyance in this manner appears by which a product eg a group get-away is circulated from the head/maker to the traveler/consumer.This happens actually much of the time by means of the circuit administrators and trip specialists ( agents and retail traders ) . There are administrations identified with the Travel and Tourism industry gave by open, private and voluntary.Public division administrations are responsible to chose bodies.Most are non-benefit making.Local governments bolster touristry data centres.Visit Britain is a representation of the Public Sector.Its points are to propel Britain as a tourer finish to abroad customers and to elevate local customers to take progressively continuous and longer excursions inside the state ; to gracefully counsel and backing for more extensive specialists points ; for other tourer sheets to life partner them in building a touristry industry inside the state ; and for its staff, to achieve finishes by utilizing assets all the more quickly, through receptiveness, handiness, polished methodology, answerability and reactivity. The private segment comprises of a legion of business organizations whose reason for existing is obviously to deliver total compensation in administrations and stocks accommodated their customers.Household names incorporate Thomas Cook, Rank and Granada.These contribute fundamentally to the abundance of the UK. Intentional part organizations comprise fundamentally of willful staff.Their position is of a foundation runing on a non-benefit balance. They may hol d rate and VAT mitigation on any investings, sedimentations or covenants.If enlisted as noble cause they need to satisfy certain conditions.Objectives might be magnanimous, with purposes great in the interest of the networks they serve. Without the Tourist would be no tourer industry so what is of specific inclusion to which there are numerous unreciprocated requests is the marvels of mass progressions of tourers regarding their beginnings and other related undertakings of interest.A frameworks assault is supported, and that of Leiper ‘s framework fits unclutter thought heuristic In Leiper ‘s fundamental touristry framework there are three characterized topographical locales/entities.They comprise of the Traveler bring forthing regions.The Tourist finish parts and the Transit way parts The movement and touristry industry worries about free stream dissemination and the exercises of the tourer inside the three characterized parts. The bring forthing part is the place there is preparing for the excursion with orderly coming to at a destination.The bring forthing part pushes thought process towards travel.Here they make their commitment and investigate out.Destination is the place the tourer truly turns into a tourer ; it is the place the touristry action occurs.Here chiefs outcome their strategies.Geographically the draw factor is variable, subordinate upon the existent location.Demand is made here.The theodolite part incorporates every single topographic point visited along the way to the existent destination.It ought to act naturally obvious that one bit of such a framework can non work without the others. Europe, Australasia and Indonesia, Philippines with Brunei are the push parts for Singapore for example.Many tourers inside the collection of streams sing the state will use it as an end over area. We will compose a custom article test on Structure Of Travel And

What exactly is an ageing population?

A maturing populace id one in which the extent of more seasoned individuals is expanding. This gathering of older individuals are the individuals who have passed the time of retirement and rely upon benefits as their principle wellspring of pay. The mature age reliance proportion is determined by (Elderly Population 65+/Working Population 15-64) x 100. Maturing populaces are a factor of decreases in both birth and demise rates because of innovative and monetary advancement. A maturing populace implies the extent of more seasoned individuals is expanding, which causes an expansion in the reliance proportion. Social Impacts: 1. Expanded weight on open administrations †Greater interest for administrations, for example, clinics and hospices, and consequently more are expected to think about the old, so more carers and attendants will require preparing. A few families will decide to think about their own family members, squeezing the, socially and monetarily. 2. Inconsistent appropriation of the older †for example Eastbourne has a high extent of more seasoned individuals and may have lacking offices for youngsters as a result, for example, bars and youth clubs. 3. Decreased populace development or populace decay †The working populace may have less youngsters as they as of now have more seasoned dependants, prompting a decrease in birth rate. 4. Longer working life-The state annuity is low on the grounds that there are such huge numbers of resigned individuals, so along these lines some may need to work past ordinary retirement age to develop individual benefits or investment funds, or to add to their pay from their state annuity. Financial Impacts: 1. Decreased work power Smaller extent of the populace is working, which may slow financial development 2. Expanded duties †A more prominent extent are asserting annuities and bolster covered for by charges, accordingly this could mean higher assessments for the working populace. 3. Spending †The old frequently have reserve funds and benefits to spend inside the economy. Methodologies to Manage Aging Populations: 1. Empowering bigger families †Should bring about a bigger future working populace to give assessments to better benefits and administrations 2. Raising retirement age †The working populace is made huge, so more individuals add to the state annuity subsidize and to individual benefits. Individuals will likewise guarantee the state annuity for less time. 3. Empowering the movement of working-age individuals †This expands the working-age populace; this assists with supporting the maturing populace by making good on charges. 4. Expanding social insurance arrangement †Helps to simple the issue of unexpected weakness in the old. UK Case Study The UK has a maturing populace where individuals more than 65 make up an enormous piece of the populace. Reasons: 1. Expanding future †Currently 81.3 for ladies and 76.9 for men. 2. Times of increased birth rates †Lots of children were conceived during 1940’s and 1960’s and as this age is resigning and there are an expanding number of older individuals. 3. Falling birth rate †There are hardly any more youthful individuals, so the extent of more established individuals is more prominent. Issues: 1. Weight on the benefits framework †Today 60% of the working populace are paying duties to help a 16% retirement age populace, yet by 2030 there will be 56% of the working age populace to help a 27% retirement age populace. 2. All the more older individuals living in neediness †The state benefits isn't extremely huge, and numerous to don't have different reserve funds however the working populace isn’t sufficiently enormous to give a bigger annuity. 3. Weight on the wellbeing administration †Older individuals need more clinical consideration than more youthful individuals. East Devon: It is an alluring settlement for the old because of atmosphere, low crime percentages, landscape, other older individuals, with a populace of 125,000 and a reliance proportion of 53.8%. The older are anyway putting pressures on more annuity installments required, lodging needs and human services. East Devon is a scattered settlement and in this way constrained open vehicle causes seclusion among the older who can't travel secretly out of the blue. The older do anyway make huge commitments financially (the dark pound where in 2005  £215billion was spent for specific needs paid by the old, for example, for movement and recreation), and socially as far as volunteers and as carers for family members who might be not able to bear the cost of youngster care in any case. To deal with this maturing populace the East Devon committee has set up the executives systems: 1. Lodging †Maintained secure settlement, superintendent care, adjusted lodging (for example attachments and taps as hip level to abstain from twisting around), and shielded lodging for the open door for mingling. 2. Wellbeing Services †Cost compelling to save the less wiped out at home for some deteriorative sort diseases (which puts extra weights on care staff who accomplish low paid work), and there has been some requirement for protected settlement/treatment made. 3. Administrations and Amenities †New relaxation offices to keep the older solid as far as physical and mental prosperity, and new social situations/clubs. Good cause are additionally essential to supporting this. 4. Transport Services †New transports in country situations that by and by get people from their homes to bring them into town to go out to shop.

The Overcoat Symbolism in “The Overcoat” - Literature Essay Samples

In his short tale â€Å"The Overcoat,† Nikolai Gogol has unfolded tragedies as well as satirical jokes by imagining a wide range of roles an overcoat can fulfill within an oppressive, bureaucratic, and heavily materialistic society. Without loss of humor, he has shown his reader different perceptions of an overcoat as a simple necessity for decent life, an object beyond admiration, a tenuous tie between a man and his â€Å"brother† (Gogol, 29), and perhaps worst of all, a cause for the rage of ghosts. Along those playful exaggerations, however, Gogol also turns the overcoat into a motif that expresses his serious concerns for the well being of humanity, and eventually such concerns also distinguish themselves from all comedies within his tale. To set the tragic tone of the story, Gogol appears to his reader as an omniscient and anonymous third person narrator who observes the parallels between Akaky Akakievich, an impoverished clerk, and his worn-out overcoat, which oft en represents the image of himself within society. The narrator notices Akaky’s overcoat is mocked by others as it is becoming â€Å"threadbare† (Gogol, 5), and to prevent it from falling apart, Akaky has to use its collar to patch all other damages on it. In â€Å"The Overcoat†, such a strange, absolutely â€Å"zero-sum† way of tailoring, besides explaining the variegated look and the reduced collar on Akaky’s overcoat, also seems to reflect a pattern that is typical within Akaky’s destitute life. Indeed, as the hemorrhoidal complexion of Akaky’s face reminds the narrator of Akaky’s birth in a humble family, his low rank, and his old age, the narrator exclaims â€Å"No help for it!† (Gogol, 1) not simply out of his sympathy for Akaky’s physical appearance, but rather it is because he realizes that in a society which depends virtue upon rank, family influence, and perhaps also upon good physical appearance, there is simply no way for Akaky to advance himself in his life. Within such society, Akaky’s only merit is his neat hand writing, and as the story develops, the narrator suggests that Akaky’s life has become as hopeless as his broken overcoat is, especially when Akaky finds it impossible to compensate for all his inherent disadvantages by working diligently as copying clerk: as this kind of role is nearly negligible within his society, his achievement is usually not recognized. Thus from the narrator’s view, Akaky’s hard work only appears to further degrade his life, and therefore it is no better than patching an overcoat with its collar. Moreover, by revealing Akaky’s reluctance to change a document from third person into a letter in first person, the narrator has also attested to the belittling effect that Akaky’s work has produced upon him. The narrator characterizes Akaky’s obsession with his copying work as his desperate resort for av oiding any other misfortunes in his life. From this point, the narrator reaches the taciturn conclusion that Akaky is so oppressed by society that he even lacks the courage to tell his own story or to write down anything that would resemble it, and as most people surrounding Akaky are ignorant of his diminishing existence, the narrator also questions whether individuals who share Akaky’s suffering will ever be known by their fellow human beings if he did not bother to include any of them in his story. The irony of Gogol’s narration arises not only from its mockeries of the old overcoat, but also from its matter-of fact sounding description and its facetious dramatizations of Akaky’s new overcoat. Gogol has devoted much of his story to emphasize a new overcoat’s pragmatic appeal for Akaky. Through the narrator’s cold, merciless voice, Gogol affirms the indisputable fact that Akaky needs a new overcoat in order to survive the harsh winter and to prot ect himself from the scornful remarks of his co-workers. Gogol describes how Akaky’s frequent visit to the tailor Petrovich and his persistent endurance of months of hardship, with a clear vision of an ultimate goal in his mind, have finally afforded him the luxury of a new overcoat. To give the story a more realistic feel, Gogol even depicts every bit of details of the new overcoat, such as its material, its glossy, attractive texture, and its sturdy quality, as if all aspects of the new overcoat have been carefully examined from Akaky’s perspective within the narration. What Gogol is concerned about, however, is certainly more than reality: after venturing into Akaky’s earthly life, he immediately creates a sharp contrast between Akaky’s physical and spiritual world by turning the materialistic image of an ordinary overcoat into something much more edifying within the story. For example, in a quite oxymoronic sense, Gogol portrays Akaky’s endeavo r for acquiring a new overcoat as some effort through which he â€Å"was nourished spiritually† (Gogol, 10), which only seems to indicate how purposeless his life would otherwise become without the ordeal of a new overcoat. To further exaggerate such unusual significance of an overcoat, Gogol also mentions Akaky’s cheering co-workers, who have suddenly become amiable towards Akaky, begin to congratulate Akaky for his new overcoat and are even willing to throw a party for it, as if they are enchanted by some magical power and have all mistaken the overcoat as Akaky’s wedding ring. Apparently, by stretching the role of an overcoat much beyond what is usual in Akaky’s life, or rather, by endowing it with the ability to perform all kinds of miracles, Gogol has told a slightly absurd story, but with all those absurdities as intentional contradictions to reality, Gogol also exemplifies the limitations of materialism without being didactic to his reader. Towards the end of the story, as Akaky’s new overcoat vanishes along with his â€Å"brotherly† relation between his co-workers, Akaky is again plunged into his deep abyss of misery. Gogol shows that Akaky’s abundance in material wealth has in fact neither truly dissolved his isolation from other humans, nor has it enriched him spiritually or procured him any happiness other than satisfying his most basic human needs. Thus as an overcoat within Gogol’s story, perhaps somewhat mystical, turns out to be nothing more than an overcoat, the reader can also clearly sense that even if Akaky’s new overcoat were never robbed away, he would still end up with a tragic, unfulfilling life — if an overcoat was all Akaky had asked for, or regrettably, if it were the most valuable gift the world could offer him. Besides recounting Akaky’s particular grievance, Gogol also adds to his story a rather phantastical ending by reporting thefts of several other over coats, all of which further resonating with his discontent against a corrupt, oppressive society, even though all those incidents are trivial compared to Akaky’s immense misfortunes throughout his life. Near the conclusion of the story, Akaky is single-mindedly focused upon searching for his new overcoat, and he does not notice his other losses at all until he meets the â€Å"important person† (Gogol, 16), someone who would prefer to entertain his friend out of boredom rather than hearing Akaky’s complaints. Although this can be seen as a criticism for ineffective bureaucracy, within the context of the story, it also reminds the reader that while Akaky needs a decent overcoat to meet the â€Å"important person,† he does not even have a friend who can lend him one. Had Akaky not met the â€Å"important person,† he probably would never realize how much his obsession with materialistic life has alienated him away from society. Through such a scenario, Gogol illustrates how excessive materialism not only causes isolations and indignity among humans, but also results in blindness towards its damages to humanity. Furthermore, as Gogol depicts how â€Å"the important person† at the end has merely lost his overcoat, and as a result, has saved his own integrity and his family by returning home, he also seems to insinuate that no matter how many overcoats a ghost Akaky can rob, those overcoats will never be adequate to repay for what Akaky has lost in his life. Finally, as Gogol arrives at the possibility that all humans and ghosts in his story, despite the antagonisms among themselves, are actually victims of the Czarist regime, he also asks his reader to judge whether Akaky and other ghosts, no matter â€Å"dead or alive† (Gogol, 20), should be punished â€Å"in the harshest manner, as an example to others† (Gogol, 20).By skillfully using overcoat as a motif in his story, Gogol has asked many important questions about humanity. As Gogol describes how lonely and hopeless Akaky has become more and more preoccupied with his overcoat and eventually collapses, he frowns upon Akaky’s futile life, but at the same time he also questions how one could escape the viscous cycle of spiritual poverty and excessive materialism, each appearing to be simultaneously the cause and the effect of the other. With ghost Akaky’s rage towards others, especially towards the â€Å"important person,† Gogol is perhaps suggesting that humans should be responsible for helping each other to avoid such repulsive pattern of life, that is, figuratively speaking, they should avoid suffering by using their long handled spoons to feed each other instead of only trying to satisfy their own needs. Gogol’s story, however, also implies that fulfilling this obligation is not easy when many individuals like Akaky are totally isolated from society. In addition, by mentioning the ruthless manner that the C zarist regime seeks to punish even the ghosts, who are most likely non-existent, Gogol also blames the regime for its severe oppression against humanity and questions whether humans should also be responsible for resisting such oppression, if they were to be held responsible for their own well-being. It is hard to imagine how Gogol could ask those excruciating questions and criticize the bureaucratic and overly materialistic influences of society without utilizing his good humor to soften the threatening tones of his story. Gogol’s humor has undoubtedly saved his work from doctrinarism, trivial objections, and perhaps even censorships, or in Gogol’s most general term, one could also say that it is the power of humor that has enabled Gogol â€Å"to avoid any unpleasantness† (Gogol, 1) in â€Å"The Overcoat†.

Ch 16 Reconstructed - 1096 Words

Brian Sandoval 11/15/10 AP U.S. History Ch: 16 The Union Reconstructed 1. Explain how blacks responded to their former masters after the Civil War had ended. After the Civil War had ended, blacks responded to their former masters in two different ways. They would either return to their former masters for work and every time they would leave the plantation they would go farther claiming they didn’t want to stay on the plantation forever. This caused them to continue to have communication with their former masters and never completely became independent. The second response was they would chose to become entirely independent to their masters. They would seek work in the city and began their new free lives. Often times they†¦show more content†¦They would gain the black vote and be capable of gaining more power. So they limited the power of the former Confederates and attempted to have everything in their favor. 7. Discuss the economic conditions of poor blacks and poor whites during the period of Reconstruction. The economic conditions of poor blacks as well as whites differed. They both struggled financially due to crop shortages and other such things. However the blacks also were being aided by the Bureau of Freedom. They northern financed organization was created in order to help newly freed blacks to get on their feet. They helped them financially and helped with education. However they also in a sense forced blacks to accept low paying jobs when they didn’t want to. Even with this though they helped to get the blacks going in society. 8. Was the Republican administration that controlled the southern state governments during the period of Reconstruction a success or failure? The Republican administration that controlled the southern state governments during the period of Reconstruction was more of a success than it was a failure. They were able to stabilize the south in this time. They eliminated undemocratic features from prewar state constitutions as well as provided a universal male suffrage. They even loosened the requirements for holding office. They reconstructed the South financially and physically by overhauling taxShow MoreRelatedThe Revival Of Christianity During The Late Roman Empire1357 Words   |  6 PagesConstantine helped move the revival along by ordering the construction of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, which started around 326 CE, and was completed in 335 CE. Throughout its existence, the Church of the Holy Sepulcher has been destroyed and reconstructed numerous times, which means that the current Church in Jerusalem is not the original building. However, the significance behind the building remains. 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Economic Inequality between Countries Essay - 1565 Words

Inequality can be traced as far back as possible. It can also be described as disparity. This disparity can be in terms of income, wealth, class etc. Economic inequality can be described as the disparity between income of individuals or household within and outside a country. When â€Å"income inequality† is mentioned, most people think about it in a within the country context, but in a world that is becoming more integrated, economic inequality between countries is becoming more relevant. In a world where other people’s income and wealth affect our perception of life, one might ask the question, â€Å"is economic inequality the biggest issue of our time†. The history of economic inequalities between countries can be traced back to the 18th†¦show more content†¦3). The decline of global economic inequality between 1998 and 2008 is the first since 1760 according to World Bank. As shown in â€Å"figure 2†, the bottom two-thirds of world population received 12.7 percent of world income in 2008 as against 9.3 percent in 1998. But the stagnation or decline in real income of the global upper middle class, and big gains realized by the top 1%, reverse the position of the Lorenz curves for the last one-fifth of the distribution. Here, the top 1% in 2008 receives almost 15 percent of global income vs. 11 ½ twenty years earlier (Milanovic, 2012, p. 3). An example of the effect of the decline in equality between 1988 and 2008 is that of china where a person with a median income is richer than only 10% of the world population as of 1988 but that had changed in 2008, a median income earner in china is now richer than one-half of w orld population. Above are the information (Lorenz curve, Gini index and decline in global inequality between 1988 and 2008) that makes up the history of economic inequality between countries. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenz_curve FIGURE 1 http://www.ub.edu/histeco/pdf/milanovic.pdf FIGURE 2 (Milanovic, 2011, p. 16) Lots of activities has been happening since the onset of inequalities between countries. This has leads us to the current situations which are, firstly, effect of locationShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Income And Assets Inequality Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Income and assets inequality is a significate issue in economy. Throughout human history capital and assets will likely continue to accumulate and become more concentrated, as a result that an greater level of inequality might be witness. Piketty ( 2014 ) found that the rate of GDP growth is lower than return on capital. 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The Colombian Economy Business Competitors

Question: Describe about The Colombian Economy for Business Competitors. Answer: Introduction: In the case of a competitive advantage, a country can produce a good or a service at a lower cost than those of the competitors. This ensures the price of the commodity to be less than the prices in competing countries. This creates more sales and high margins of profit. A competitive advantage can occur due to many reasons like cost structure, brand, production quality, product distribution, support from the customers, and others. The concept of five stages of economic development was first given by WW Rostow, in the year 1960. According to him, development for the developing countries requires substantial investment in capital. The stages are as follow: 1st stage: The stage one represents a traditional society, where a country is yet to begin the development process. According to Rostow, these countries have allocated most of the resources to non-productive processes like military, arsenal, and others. 2nd stage: This is called the transitional or pre - take off stage. Initiatives are taken by the economic agents like entrepreneurs and investors to boost up the economic activities of the country. New infrastructure is provided by the authorities. New technologies of production are introduced. 3rd stage: This is called the take off period. Here, growth in investment, equal growth throughout all the tiers of economy, changes in political scenario towards development friendly environment occur. The social, political and economic institutions face development. 4th stage: This stage is called Drive towards maturity. This stage consists of innovation of new technologies, diversification of products, and more investment in the production process. Reliance on imports reduces by this time. The economy starts to export goods in open economy. Workers become more skilled and specialized by this time, which increases production (Li and Hung 2013). 5th stage: This is the stage of mass consumption. Here, consumer oriented economy prevails. A dominant service sector is a feature of this type of economy. The economy shifts from heavy industry to consumer goods. Comparative advantage over a good occurs in a country, when the opportunity cost regarding that good is lower than the competing countries. The low opportunity cost implies producing that commodity makes the country lose less of other possible goods than its competitors. A country can produce a good or a service at a lower cost than those of its competitors. This is done by ensuring the price of the commodity to be less than the price in competing countries. This creates more sales and high margins of profit. A competitive advantage can occur due to the reasons like efficient cost structure, brand, production quality, product distribution, and support from the customers, and others (Nunn and Trefler 2013). In a way, comparative advantage is a component of competitive advantage. Comparative advantage shows the ways in which a firm benefits from lower opportunity cost, whereas, competitive advantage shows how a countrys lower cost helps improving its profitability (Williamson et al. 2013). Main Body: The Colombian economy is currently in the second stage of development. This is the transitional or pre take off stage. The economy of Colombia has been to stage one and the transition period from one to two which brought it to the pre take off stage. In the first stage the country was in traditional period, with most of its government investments in non productive production process. Investment in economic production by the entrepreneurs and the government has pushed Colombias economy into the second stage. Now the economy is efficiency driven. If this trait goes on, soon the country will be in the transition period of two to three. This means, in the near future, the country will be in the third stage of development, which is the take off stage. After that the country will take off towards maturity, where, the economy will be innovation driven. This will be achieved by more investment in research and development. The role of the policy makers is also vital, as the plans needed to be country specific. Colombia needs a proportionate inclusive growth. It is the policy makers responsibility to make sure that all the stake holders of the economy are included in the way of development (Ocampo 2015). Indicator Signalling Competitive advantage Located in Pillar # 3.03 Inflation, annual % change* Pillar # 3 8.06 Soundness of banks Pillar # 1 10.01 Domestic market size index, 17 (best)* Pillar # 10 10.03 GDP (PPP$ billions) Pillar # 10 6.01 Intensity of local competition Pillar # 6 Table 1: Indicators of competitive advantage. Source: (As created by the author.) The country is showing competitive advantage in these five indicators. The inflation rate in Colombia is ideal for the transition period which is nearing the countrys economy. The banks of the country are standing well guarded, which ensures the capital flow in the market. This strengthens the countrys economy. The domestic market of the country is pretty big than most of the neighbor countries, which gives Colombia the opportunity of extending the economy. The purchasing power parity also shows competitive advantage, which ensures easy import of raw materials. The intensity of local competition can help the domestic industries to reduce their price and increase their quality of products over time (The Global Competitiveness Report 2016). Three most important factors which can help economic development in Colombia are as follows: Market size: The market size of Colombia is ranked higher than that of the other Latin American and the Caribbean countries. This attribute has the potential to help the country to grow its demand and supply. This will in turn increase the countrys total output and increase the national income. The Gross Domestic Product will get higher. Investors doing their job looking at the market size will yield positive results for all the economic agents in the country. The large market size with proper purchasing power has the ability to increase the countrys aggregate demand. To meet the increased demand, the supply will rise to get the equilibrium. A sustainable equilibrium will be reached when the employment process absorbs the skilled and unskilled unemployed workers. Hence, the market size can be used to get an overall expansion of the economy (Smith 2015). Financial market development: The financial market of Colombia is ranked higher than the other Latin American and Caribbean countries. This will ensure more investment in Colombias industries and businesses. With more investment the nations Gross Domestic Product will increase. The export market of the country incorporates a huge portion of minerals. The country is well known for its oil coal and other mineral exports. The agriculture sector has also changed in the last ten years. Exports in industrial sector are third in line. The financial market of the country has the potential to expand more with planned investments in these three export areas of Colombia. The industrial sector holds the real key for the expansion of financial markets development (Ledgerwood, Earne and Nelson 2013). Macroeconomic environment: The macroeconomic environment refers to the all the economic conditions of the country as a whole. It includes the trend of Gross domestic Product, inflation, employment, government spending, monetary and fiscal policies by the government of the country. Colombias macroeconomic environment is relatively better than the other neighbors. This ensures that the country is pretty close for the transition period for the third stage of development. The inflation rate in the country is at a development favorable position. With the expansion policies by the government of Colombia can reach out to increase the rate of employment. The increased employment rate will ensure more national income. The government of Colombia has a great grip over the monetary and fiscal policies. This means the government can take a monetary or a fiscal policy in order to expand or retract the market. Given the situation of the countrys economy, the government can use these policies to increase the output of the co untry, which will increase the volume of the net exports (Mankiw 2014). Conclusions: Inclusive growth theory suggests that there is a direct connection between the macroeconomic and microeconomic determinants of a country. The structural transformations for economic diversification are addressed by microeconomic dimensions. The macroeconomic determinants are the countrys Gross Domestic Product, Total inputs productivity, and many others. Inclusive growth in a country ensures new employment opportunities and it helps in reducing poverty in turn. It also suggests essential health services and education for the poor are ensured by the authorities. This will reduce inequality in the country, and increase equality of opportunity. Inclusive growth empowers the citizens of a country through basic education and skill development process, which generates skilled labor. It also means incorporating all the stakeholders of the market on the way of development. All the economic agents lying marginally on the edge of the economy are also included in case of an inclusive growth. This way, one can ensure an overall development in the country. Absence of inclusive growth can lead to inequality of great margin for Colombia. That will decrease the growth rate of the country. Inclusive growth is characterized by a well built connection between a countrys microeconomic and macroeconomic environments. When most of the economic agents are included in the growth process of a country, it is called inclusive. This means there will be less inequality in the economy. The high tax rate in the country, corruption, inadequate infrastructure, complex tax regulations is not favorable for doing business in Colombia, yet the country managed to show inclusive growth in the last decade. Colombia is one of the countries in Latin America which have reflected inclusive growth. Public health and stability of the government has ensured growth which advocates equity. The inflation rate in the country is better than most of the neighbor countries. The market size of the country has increased over the last ten years. Due to this phenomenon aggregate demand will increase. To achieve an equilibrium demand and supply at first, the price will rise and then there will be efficient all ocation of the resources. Research and development will also increase to face the market size. This ensures growth in Gross Domestic Production (Cubillos and Quevedo 2016). Financial market development and macroeconomic environment of the country has improved drastically over the last ten years. The financial market of the country has the potential to expand more with planned investments in the markets. The government has to make policies which will target the growth rate. The government can use monetary policy or fiscal policy to expand the economy. The country, at present, is operating in the second stage of Rostows five stages of development. With a little more push through these channels, the country can reach to the take off stage. The financial market is mainly steered by the private investments, whereas, macroeconomic environment, though incorporates all the economic agents, are mainly steered and monitored by the government of the country. These are the reasons the country is facing an inclusive growth (Gwynne and Cristobal 2014). References: Cubillos, H.Q. and Quevedo, M.N., 2016. Income distribution in the Colombian economy from an econophysics perspective. Cuadernos de Economa, 35(69), p.691. Gwynne, R.N. and Cristobal, K.A.Y., 2014. Latin America transformed: globalization and modernity. Routledge. Ledgerwood, J., Earne, J. and Nelson, C. eds., 2013. The new microfinance handbook: A financial market system perspective. World Bank Publications. Li, R.Y.M. and Hung, R., 2013. Rostows Stages of Growth Model,'Urban Bias' and Sustainable Development in India. Li, Rita Yi Man and Hung Ronald (2013) Rostows Stages of Growth Model,Urban Bias and Sustainable Development in India, Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business Research, 2(5), pp.170-178. Mankiw, N.G., 2014. Principles of macroeconomics. Cengage Learning. Nunn, N. and Trefler, D., 2013. Domestic institutions as a source of comparative advantage (No. w18851). National Bureau of Economic Research. Ocampo, J.A., 2015. Performance and challenges of the Colombian economy. Colombias Political Economy at the Outset of the 21st Century: From Uribe to Santos and Beyond. Lexington Books: Lanham, MD. Smith, M., 2015. 1 Historical growth modelling. Development Economics in the Twenty-first Century, p.14. The Global Competitiveness Report, (2016). Annual Report 2015-2016. [online] World Economic Forum. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/reports/annual-report-2015-2016 [Accessed 9 Oct. 2016]. Williamson, P.J., Ramamurti, R., Fleury, A. and Fleury, M.T.L. eds., 2013. The competitive advantage of emerging market multinationals. Cambridge University Press.

Qnt 351 Data Collection Essay Example

Qnt 351 Data Collection Essay The purpose of the Learning Team assignment is acquaint teams with the research study undertaken, purpose of the study, research question, and so on. The team assignment is to complete the first step in data analysis in the following form: 1. Describe the problem, purpose, research questions, and hypotheses 2. Evaluate of the instrument used for data collection 3. Describe and evaluate how the data was collected 4. Code the data and evaluate the procedure used . Clean the data by eliminating the data input errors made 6. Draw conclusions about appropriateness of data to meet the purpose of the study Resources Required Data collected from RES/351 University of Phoenix Material: Ballard Integrated Managed Services, Inc, Part 1. Grading Guide Content70 Percent| Points Available65| Points EarnedX/65| Additional Comments:| * All key elements of the assignment are covered in a substantive way. * Presents the chosen situation as an overview—problem, purpose, research questions, and h ypotheses. Describes the instrument used for data collection. * Describes how the data is collected. * Describes how the data is coded and evaluates the procedure used. * Cleans the data by eliminating the data input errors made. * Draws conclusions about appropriateness of the data to meet the purpose of study. * Includes a 5- to 7-slide Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation| | 62/65|   You have all of the required information and the main business issues/concerns are related to turn over, high absenteeism, morale, and discontent of the workforce. In a 5-7 slides presentation added to the last week’s presentation as an introduction overview, what would the sequence of slides be and what page title to each slide would you give? This should be the structure of the paper. The problem statement needs a separate slide and one heading should be dedicated to the issues and concerns. In summary, you need an outline or table of contents and headings. Another critical thinking issue is how would you have conducted the survey to ensure a higher percentage of responses instead of 17%.? Organization / Development15 Percent| Points Available15| Points Earned13/15| Additional Comments:| * The paper is no more than 700 to 1,050 words in length. * Paragraph transitions are present, logical, and maintain the flow throughout the paper. * The tone is appropriate to the content and assignment. * Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. * Sentences are well constructed, strong, and varied. * Sentence transitions are present and maintain t he flow of thought. | | |   The paper is well written and sentences are clear. We will write a custom essay sample on Qnt 351 Data Collection specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Qnt 351 Data Collection specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Qnt 351 Data Collection specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A good structure with introduction (which you have) and conclusions will make it a great paper. The flow of paper is affected by lack of structure. | Mechanics 10 Percent| Points Available10| Points Earned8/10| Additional Comments:| * The paper—including tables and graphs, headings, title page, and reference page—is consistent with APA formatting guidelines and meets course-level requirements. * Intellectual property is recognized with in-text citations and a reference page. * Rules of grammar, usage, and punctuation are followed. * Spelling is correct. | |   Headings are lacking and not consistent with APA guidelines. | | Total Available| Total Earned| | | 90| 83/90|   | Data Collection Ballard Integrated Managed Services (BIMS) is a nationwide service company that provides housekeeping and foodservice support to institutions across the United States. One division managed by Barbara Tucker services the Douglas Medical Center and has been one of the most successful locations. Recently this location has been experiencing a higher rate of turnover causing concern among managing staff about its causes as well as its possible solutions. Because most of these jobs are low-skill in nature, replacement of these employees has been easy; however it has brought about an increased cost, and reveals a deeper problem within company morale. To obtain the reason behind the lowered morale, a ten-question survey was conducted of existing employees to understand company strengths as well as areas for needed improvement. Employees were asked questions such as, do your enjoy working at BIMS, are you paid fairly, does management treat you well, and do you enjoy your assigned shift (University of Phoenix Material, 2013) . As a 24-hour operation hypothesis range from employees not working the times they need, to addressing employee pride in their work that comes along with fair treatment by managerial staff members and fair compensation for services provided. Debbie Horner, the HR manager responsible for this survey felt the problem was concentrated in employee motivation and felt that this was the area that needed most improvement. Possible solutions to this are incentive competitions, shift changes, and change in managerial approach to individual needs to raise employee self-worth and satisfaction. Both quantitative and qualitative data was collected from the survey. Using the quantitative data the Human Resource Manager Debbie Horner posed questions that varied from the numbers one through five. One was the worst rating and five was the best. Utilizing this data the human resource manager was enabled to gain a more clear perspective on how people felt about working for this organization. She utilizes qualitative data to discover the gender of the participants, what position they hold within the company and the length of time that the person has been employed with the company (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). The purpose is to obtain the general opinion of the participants. The method for collected data was through a survey that was extended to 449 of the company’s employees. The BIMS survey includes ten questions that are specific to the questions that are in appendix A. From there, follows with five questions that will help divide some of the demographics of the answers from the first ten questions. The variables and measurements that are being used are helping to find and identify why the employee morale levels are so low. The first set of questions has an answer range from one through five. This is an ordinal level of measurement. The numbers are used as levels of importance, rather than answers. This variable also can be measured by this scale so the level of measurement is ordinal. Different levels of measurement have to use different statistical techniques (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). For questions A, C, and D the level of measurement is nominal. The order the questions are asked does not matter, and they qualify as qualitative data. The questions ask for the employees to describe and categorize themselves as manager, supervisor, male, female and what department they work in. For question B the level of measurement is ratio. The question has a zero value. The question asks how long someone has worked for BIMS. Because this question cannot produce a negative answer, for the amount of time they have worked there the level used is ratio. The BIMS employee survey data is coded numerically on the ordinal, ratio, and nominal levels. The data from Column one represents the 78 survey participants who are numbered from one to 78. In column two through 11 of the data set represents survey questions one through 10. Each of the participants has been asked to each answer each of the questions with a one to five rating, one being positive and five being negative. The responses from the survey were recorded and placed in rows and columns of the data set. If the survey participant did not answer a question, a zero is recorded (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). After reviewing the data, errors have been discovered. There were sixes in place of the fives. Debbie Horner would input the data and instead of a five she was placing a six. The sixes had to be changed. However, Debbie did not make an error in the coding of how long each employee has worked there; Debbie converted the years into months. In this section the six was correct and did not need to be corrected (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). The conclusion that was made was with the total staff equaling 452 workers, there was only a 17. 3percent response rate. There were only 78 responses out of 452. The morale of the staff is very low, and even with the concern the HR manager shows in making the questionnaire, the answers cannot be judged by the response because of the low return rate given (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). If there had been more employees concerned enough to give their opinion then this survey could be used in the research. However, since not many participated, Team A feels this was inconclusive. These answers are biased because only 7 people worked in Maintenance. There were 36 answered by Food employees and 35 answered by Housekeeping. It is an unfair advantage and not enough people answered the survey (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). Conclusion Team A presented the BIMS situation as an overview problem, purpose, research questions, and hypotheses. There was a description of the instrument used for data collection for this paper. The paper identified the quantitative and qualitative data collected and how the data was collected. There was also identification on the level of measurement for each of the variables involved in the study. The paper provided description of how the data is coded and evaluated the procedure used. Team A cleaned the data by eliminating the data input errors made. Finally, team A came to the conclusion about appropriateness of the data to meet the purpose of the study. Reference University of Phoenix Material. (2013). Ballard Integrated Managed Services, Inc. , Part 1, 3(3), 1.